Introduction

Microsoft has unveiled a significant advancement for musicians and developers with the release of the Windows MIDI Services Public Preview in Windows 11 Build 27788. This update marks a comprehensive overhaul of the existing MIDI platform, introducing full support for the MIDI 2.0 standard and enhancing the overall music production experience on Windows.

Background on MIDI and Its Evolution

MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface), introduced in 1983, is a technical standard that allows electronic musical instruments, computers, and other devices to communicate and synchronize with each other. It has been instrumental in the development of modern music production, enabling functionalities such as:
  • Synchronizing synthesizers and drum machines.
  • Recording and playing back musical performances.
  • Controlling stage lighting and effects.

Despite its widespread adoption, the original MIDI 1.0 standard had limitations, including low resolution and unidirectional communication. The introduction of MIDI 2.0 addresses these shortcomings by offering:

  • Higher resolution for controller values.
  • Bi-directional communication between devices.
  • Improved timing and reduced latency.

Key Features of Windows MIDI Services

The new Windows MIDI Services stack brings several enhancements to the Windows platform:

  • Full MIDI 2.0 Support: This includes high-speed data transmission, higher-fidelity messages, and in-service endpoint discovery and protocol negotiation.
  • Enhanced USB MIDI Driver: A new USB MIDI 2.0 Class Driver supports both MIDI 1.0 and MIDI 2.0 devices, providing faster data transfer and reduced jitter.
  • Multi-Client Support: Multiple applications can now access a single MIDI device simultaneously, facilitating more complex workflows.
  • Automatic Translation Between MIDI 1.0 and 2.0: Ensures compatibility between devices and applications using different MIDI standards.
  • Open-Source Initiative: The entire MIDI Service, including transports, tools, tests, and the SDK, is MIT-licensed open source, encouraging community collaboration and innovation.

Implications and Impact

The integration of MIDI 2.0 into Windows 11 has several significant implications:

  • For Musicians and Producers: Enhanced precision and reliability in musical interfaces, reduced latency during live performances and recordings, and new possibilities for real-time sound processing and dynamic control of instruments.
  • For Developers: Access to a modern, open-source MIDI stack allows for the development of innovative music applications and tools, fostering a more vibrant ecosystem.
  • For the Broader Windows Community: Demonstrates Microsoft's commitment to supporting creative professionals and enhancing the Windows platform's capabilities in music production.

Technical Details

The Windows MIDI Services Public Preview includes several technical advancements:

  • New USB MIDI 2.0 Class Driver: Developed in collaboration with the Association of Musical Electronics Industry of Japan (AMEI) and written by AmeNote, this driver supports both MIDI 1.0 and MIDI 2.0 devices, offering improved performance and reliability.
  • Windows MIDI Services App SDK and Tools: Available on GitHub, the SDK provides developers with tools such as:
    • MIDI Console (midi.exe): For sending messages, monitoring incoming messages, and checking the state of MIDI.
    • MIDI Diagnostics (mididiag.exe): Provides information about the state of MIDI on the PC.
    • MIDI Settings App: A desktop application for managing endpoints, renaming devices, creating loopback devices, and configuring network MIDI 2.0 connections.

Conclusion

The release of the Windows MIDI Services Public Preview in Windows 11 Build 27788 represents a significant milestone in the evolution of MIDI support on the Windows platform. By embracing the MIDI 2.0 standard and offering a modern, open-source MIDI stack, Microsoft is empowering musicians, producers, and developers to explore new creative possibilities and enhance their music production workflows.

For more information and to access the Windows MIDI Services App SDK, visit the official GitHub repository.

Note: This article is based on information available as of May 26, 2025.